Diponegoro Youth (Indonesia)
Basic Group Information
| Name assigned by coder: |
no
|
| PGM ID Number: |
332
|
| Country: |
Indonesia |
| Date formed: |
Jan. 1, 1970 |
| Accuracy of date formed: |
decade
|
| Details of Formation: |
The group was established in the 1970s by Ali Murtopo with the aim of supporting Golkar’s victory and fight against student demonstrations. Cf Siliwangi Youth. |
| Date dissolved: |
Oct. 20, 1999 |
| Accuracy of date dissolved: |
day
|
| Details of Termination: |
The coded termination refers to the change in government, when Wahid became president. This date is taken from Archigos. No more activities of the group after 1999. |
| Termination Type(s): |
change in government
|
Former and Successor Group Information
| Predecessor group(s): |
none
|
| Successor group(s): |
none
|
| Private Military Company? |
no |
| Former Group? |
no |
| Former Armed Group? |
no |
| Former Rebel Group? |
no |
| Former Rebel Group UCDP ID: |
none |
| PGM Becomes Rebel Group? |
no |
| Successor Rebel Group UCDP ID: |
none |
Government Relation, Support, and Training
| Government Relation: |
informal (type 1) |
| Created by the Government?: |
yes |
Main Creating Government Institution: |
military
|
| Government Link(s): |
military (institution)
|
| If link to party, name of party: |
None |
| Training and Equipment: |
yes |
| Shared Information and Joint Operations: |
yes |
| Shared Personnel: |
no |
| Type(s) of Material Support: |
unclear
|
| State Sponsor(s): |
none
|
| Other Connection(s): |
|
Group Characteristics
Ethnic Characteristics
| Ethnic Target(s): |
none
|
| Quality of Information for Ethnic Targeting: |
not applicable
|
| Ethnic Membership: |
none
|
| Quality of Information for Ethnic Membership: |
not applicable
|
| Ethnic Purpose: |
none
|
| Quality of Information for Ethnic Purpose: |
not applicable
|
Other Information
| Other Information: |
The name originated from the military region it was subordinated to, i.e. the 4th Military region, code-named Diponegoro. Cf Siliwangi Youth. |
New Variables from Meta-Analysis
Purpose
| Purpose: |
The government used the PGM to consolidate the Golkar party’s victory and to suppress student demonstrations when local riots broke out between the military and the population. The group supported the army in these incidents and took part in so-called “counter-demonstrations”. |
| Relative Benefit(s) of PGM Use |
faster mobilization
|
Treatment of Civilians
| Treatment of Civilians: |
The group violently suppressed demonstrations with the aim of using physical violence against opposition demonstrators. This may be illustrated by the allegation that members carried guns in preparation for this type of reaction. |
| Type(s) of Violence against Civilians: |
unknown
|
Reasons for Membership
| PGM Members Coerced? |
no information |
| PGM Members Paid? |
no information |
| Reasons for Membership: |
It is reported that thugs were members of this PGM, who may have started conflicts with other local thugs. |
| PGM Members Killed? |
no information |
PGM Size
Weapons and Training
| Weapons and Training: |
The group was trained and armed by the army, specifically the 4th Military Region. It is not clear what kind of weapons members were armed with, since this can only be based on allegations that they occasionally carried guns. |
Organisation
| Organisation: |
The group was broadly under the command of the military and in particular the 4th Military Region. |
Reference(s) for Meta-Analysis
Information was taken from news sources listed in the PGMD.
Evidence
