Manticao Village Defence Force (Philippines)
Basic Group Information
Name assigned by coder: |
no
|
PGM ID Number: |
145
|
Country: |
Philippines |
Date formed: |
March 17, 1985 |
Accuracy of date formed: |
year
|
Details of Formation: |
The group was established in 1985 by a religious Marcos supporter called Butok in cooperation with a retired Philippine Army Colonel. |
Date dissolved: |
July 15, 1987 |
Accuracy of date dissolved: |
day
|
Details of Termination: |
Through Executive Order No. 275, President Aquino dissolved all paramilitary units from 15 July 1987 onwards. As there is no (pro-government) evidence for the Manticao Village Defence Force after this order, the PGM is regarded as banned/dissolved. |
Termination Type(s): |
government defects
|
Former and Successor Group Information
Predecessor group(s): |
none
|
Successor group(s): |
none
|
Private Military Company? |
no |
Former Group? |
no |
Former Armed Group? |
no |
Former Rebel Group? |
no |
Former Rebel Group UCDP ID: |
none |
PGM Becomes Rebel Group? |
no |
Successor Rebel Group UCDP ID: |
none |
Government Relation, Support, and Training
Government Relation: |
informal (type 1) |
Created by the Government?: |
no |
Main Creating Government Institution: |
none
|
Government Link(s): |
no information
|
If link to party, name of party: |
None |
Training and Equipment: |
yes |
Shared Information and Joint Operations: |
unclear |
Shared Personnel: |
no information |
Type(s) of Material Support: |
no information
|
State Sponsor(s): |
none
|
Other Connection(s): |
|
Group Characteristics
Ethnic Characteristics
Ethnic Target(s): |
none
|
Quality of Information for Ethnic Targeting: |
not applicable
|
Ethnic Membership: |
none
|
Quality of Information for Ethnic Membership: |
not applicable
|
Ethnic Purpose: |
none
|
Quality of Information for Ethnic Purpose: |
not applicable
|
Other Information
New Variables from Meta-Analysis
Purpose
Purpose: |
The group’s purpose was to fight communist rebels. |
Relative Benefit(s) of PGM Use |
unknown
|
Treatment of Civilians
Treatment of Civilians: |
|
Type(s) of Violence against Civilians: |
unknown
|
Reasons for Membership
PGM Members Coerced? |
no information |
PGM Members Paid? |
no information |
Reasons for Membership: |
Members first began to follow Butok, who was known for his teachings and reputed prowess as a healer. With Butok’s support, some followers were then recruited into the Village Defence Force. |
PGM Members Killed? |
no information |
PGM Size
Size: |
Butok had more than 200 adult followers out of which around a sixth were members of the Manticao Village Defence Force. |
Weapons and Training
Weapons and Training: |
Members received six days of military instructions. They used American-made weapons of World War II or earlier. |
Organisation
Organisation: |
The force is organised by retired Philippine Army Colonel Disodao Ratunil. |
Reference(s) for Meta-Analysis
Information was taken from news sources listed in the PGMD
Evidence